He mea porous ka kānana molekala me nā lua liʻiliʻi loa a like ka nui. Hana ia e like me ke kānana kīhini, koe wale nō ma kahi pae molekala, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i nā hui kinoea i loaʻa nā molekala nui. ʻO nā molekala liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā pores wale nō ke hele ma waena; ʻoiai, ua ālai ʻia nā molekala nui. Inā like ka nui o nā molekala āu e makemake ai e hoʻokaʻawale, hiki i kahi kānana molekala ke hoʻokaʻawale ma o ka polarity. Hoʻohana ʻia nā kānana i nā ʻano hana like ʻole e like me ka wehe ʻana i ka makū a kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻino ʻana o nā huahana.
Nā ʻAno o nā Sieves Molecular
Loaʻa nā kānana molekala i nā ʻano like ʻole e like me 3A, 4A, 5A a me 13X. Hoʻākāka nā waiwai helu i ka nui o ka pore a me ke ʻano kemika o ka kānana. Hoʻololi ʻia nā ion o ka potassium, sodium, a me ka calcium i loko o ke ʻano e kāohi i ka nui o ka pore. Aia nā helu like ʻole o nā meshes i nā sieves like ʻole. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi kānana molekala me kahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā meshes e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kinoea, a hoʻohana ʻia kekahi me nā meshes hou aʻe no nā wai. ʻO nā palena koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe o nā sieves molekala e pili ana i ke ʻano (pauka a bead paha), ka nui o ka nui, nā pae pH, nā mahana hana hou (hoʻāla), ka makū, a pēlā aku.
ʻO ka Sieve Molecular vs. Silica Gel
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka silica gel ma ke ʻano he desiccant wehe wai akā ʻokoʻa loa ia mai kahi sieve molekala. ʻO nā mea like ʻole e hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia i ke koho ʻana ma waena o nā mea ʻelua he mau koho hōʻuluʻulu, nā loli o ke kaomi, nā pae makū, nā ikaika mechanical, ka pae mahana, a pēlā aku. ʻO nā ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma waena o kahi sieve molekala a me ka silica gel:
ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki o ka adsorption o kahi kānana molekala ma mua o ka silica gel. ʻO kēia no ka mea he mea maloʻo wikiwiki ka kānana.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana a ka kānana molekala ma mua o ka silica gel i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, no ka mea, he ʻano like kona e hoʻopaʻa pono ai i ka wai.
Ma ka Humidity Relative haʻahaʻa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mana o kahi kānana molekala ma mua o ka silica gel.
Ua wehewehe ʻia ke ʻano o kahi kānana molekala a he mau pores like kona, ʻoiai ʻo ke ʻano o ka silica gel he amorphous a he nui nā pores ʻokoʻa.
Pehea e hoʻāla ai i nā kānana molekala
No ka hoʻāla ʻana i nā kānana molekala, ʻo ke koi nui ka hōʻike ʻana i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe loa, a pono e lawa ka wela no ka adsorbate e mahu. E loli ka mahana me nā mea e hoʻopili ʻia ana a me ke ʻano o ka adsorbent. Pono kahi pae mahana mau o 170-315oC (338-600oF) no nā ʻano kānana i kūkākūkā ʻia ma mua. Hoʻomehana ʻia nā mea e hoʻopili ʻia ana, a me ka adsorbent ma kēia mahana. ʻO ka hoʻomaloʻo vacuum kahi ala wikiwiki e hana ai i kēia a koi aku i nā mahana haʻahaʻa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hoʻomaloʻo lapalapa.
Ke hoʻāla ʻia, hiki ke mālama ʻia nā kānana i loko o kahi pahu aniani me kahi parafilm i wahī pālua ʻia. E hoʻomau kēia iā lākou i ka hoʻāla ʻia a hiki i ʻeono mahina. No ka nānā ʻana inā hana nā kānana, hiki iā ʻoe ke paʻa iā lākou i kou lima me ke kau ʻana i nā mīkina lima a hoʻohui i ka wai iā lākou. Inā hana piha lākou, a laila piʻi nui ka mahana, a ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke paʻa iā lākou me ke kau ʻana i nā mīkina lima.
Manaʻo ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lako palekana e like me nā pahu PPE, nā mīkina lima, a me nā aniani palekana ʻoiai ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻāla ʻana i nā sieve molekala e pili ana i ka hana ʻana me nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a me nā kemika, a me nā pilikia pili.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-30-2023
