Aluminum Oxide: Nā waiwai, nā noi, a me nā mea nui

ʻO ka alumini oxide, ka mea i ʻike ʻia he alumina, he hui kemika i haku ʻia me ka aluminika a me ka oxygen, me ke ʻano Al₂O₃. He mea keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo kēia mea ʻenehana, he mea koʻikoʻi i loko o nā ʻoihana like ʻole ma muli o kāna mau waiwai kūʻokoʻa.

ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o ka alumini oxide ʻo ia kona ʻano paʻakikī. Aia ʻo ia i ka 9 ma ka pālākiō Mohs, e lilo ia i mea paʻakikī loa i loaʻa. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia paʻakikī i ka alumini oxide i mea abrasive maikaʻi loa, i hoʻohana mau ʻia i nā pepa one, nā huila wili, a me nā mea hana ʻoki. ʻO kona lōʻihi e hōʻoiaʻiʻo e hiki iā ia ke pale i nā noi paʻakikī, e lilo ia i koho i makemake ʻia i ka hana ʻana a me ke kūkulu ʻana.

Ma waho aʻe o kona paʻakikī, ʻike ʻia ka alumini oxide no kāna mau mea hoʻonaninani wela a me ka uila. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia i ka ʻoihana uila, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia ai ma ke ʻano he insulator i nā capacitors a me nā mea uila ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻo kona wahi hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe (ma kahi o 2050 ° C a i ʻole 3722 ° F) hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi wela kiʻekiʻe, e like me nā mea refractory i loko o nā umu a me nā kiln.

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka alumini oxide i ka hana ʻana i ka metala alumini ma o ke kaʻina hana Bayer, kahi i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ai ka ʻaila bauxite e unuhi i ka alumina. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia kaʻina hana no ka ʻoihana alumini, no ka mea, hāʻawi ia i nā mea maka e pono ai no ka hana ʻana i nā huahana alumini māmā a me ka corrosion.

Eia kekahi, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka alumini oxide ma ke kahua o nā seramika, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia ai e hana i nā mea seramika kiʻekiʻe i hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe, me ka aerospace a me nā mea biomedical. ʻO kona biocompatibility kūpono ia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā implants niho a me nā prosthetics.

I ka hopena, ʻo ka alumini oxide he hui multifaceted me ka nui o nā noi ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole. ʻO kāna mau waiwai kūʻokoʻa, me ka paʻakikī, ke kūpaʻa wela, a me ka insulation uila, lilo ia i mea waiwai nui i ka ʻenehana hou a me nā kaʻina hana. Ke hoʻomau nei ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻoihana, e ulu paha ka nui o ka alumini oxide, e hoʻoikaika hou i kāna kuleana i ka hana hou a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana.